UNIT 1 - Introduction, Elements, Attributes, Headings, Paragraphs, Line Break, Pre Tag.
1. Introduction to HTML
HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the standard markup language used to create and design web pages. It describes the structure of a web page using elements and tags. HTML was developed by Tim Berners-Lee and is maintained by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).
HTML uses predefined tags to display text, images, links, tables, forms and other content on a web browser. It is not a programming language but a markup language. HTML works along with CSS (for styling) and JavaScript (for interactivity).
Important Short Answer Questions
1. What is HTML?
HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the standard language used to create and structure web pages.
It uses tags to define elements like headings, paragraphs, images, links, tables and forms, which are displayed by a web browser.
2. Expand HTML.
HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language.
3. Who invented HTML?
HTML was invented by Tim Berners-Lee.
4. Is HTML a programming language? Why?
No, HTML is not a programming language because it does not support logic, conditions or loops. It is a markup language used only to structure and display content on web pages.
5. What is a web browser?
A web browser is a software application used to access, view and display web pages on the internet. Examples include Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox and Microsoft Edge.
Important Long Answer Questions
Q1. Explain HTML and its importance in web development.
HTML is the basic building block of web development. It is used to create the structure of web pages and organize content such as text, images and links. HTML allows browsers to understand how content should be displayed. Without HTML, web pages cannot exist. It is easy to learn and platform-independent, making it suitable for beginners. HTML works together with CSS and JavaScript to create attractive and interactive websites. Therefore, HTML plays a crucial role in creating and managing web content.
2. HTML Elements
An HTML element consists of a start tag, content and an end tag. Elements define different parts of a web page. Example: <p>This is a paragraph</p>. Some elements are empty and do not have closing tags, such as <br> and <hr>.
1. What is an HTML element?
An HTML element is a building block of a web page. It defines the structure and content of a webpage using tags.
2. Write the syntax of an HTML element.
<tagname>Content</tagname>
3. Give two examples of HTML elements.
- <p>This is a paragraph</p>
- <h1>This is a heading</h1>
4. What are empty elements?
Empty elements are HTML elements that do not have any content and do not need a closing tag.
- <br>
- <img>
- <hr>
- <input>
Q2. Explain HTML elements with examples.
HTML elements are the basic components of an HTML document. Each element usually contains an opening tag, content and a closing tag. For example, the paragraph element <p> is used to display text in paragraph form. Some elements like <br> and <img> are called empty elements because they do not contain content and do not need closing tags.
3. HTML Attributes
Attributes provide additional information about HTML elements. They are written inside the opening tag and usually come in name-value pairs.
Example:
<img src="image.jpg" alt="Image">
1. What are HTML attributes?
HTML attributes provide additional information about HTML elements and define their properties or behavior.
2. Where are attributes written?
Attributes are written inside the opening tag of an HTML element.
Q3. Explain HTML attributes with suitable examples.
HTML attributes provide extra information about an element and modify its behavior or appearance. Attributes are always specified in the opening tag.
4. HTML Headings
HTML headings are used to define titles and subtitles on a web page. There are six heading levels: <h1> to <h6>.
Q4. Explain HTML heading tags.
HTML heading tags are used to display headings on web pages. <h1> is used for main titles and smaller headings are used for subheadings.
5. HTML Paragraphs
The <p> tag is used to define paragraphs in HTML.
Q5. Explain HTML paragraphs with examples.
HTML paragraphs are created using the <p> tag. Browsers automatically add margins before and after paragraphs.
6. Line Break Tag
The <br /> tag is used to insert a line break without starting a new paragraph.
Q6. Explain the <br /> tag.
The <br /> tag breaks a line of text and moves content to the next line.
7. Preformatted Text Tag
The <pre> tag is used to display text exactly as written.
Q7. Explain the <pre> tag with example.
The <pre> tag preserves spaces, tabs and line breaks exactly as written in the HTML code.
